When I was a kid I started noticing the problems with what we call morality, and ever since these problems have been harder and harder to ignore.
For example, where I lived there were no “organic” food so people who wanted clean food would get their own house in the countryside and grow some food there. We had such a house and at some point had chickens there.
When the chickens were still little fluffy blind yellow things we had them living in a box in the house because they needed to be warm. They were very weak. We tried to help them survive as much as we could, and when one of them would die we would be quite sad about it.
And then when they were all grown we slaughtered them. I was there – I watched them run around without heads with blood everywhere. I was about 10 or 12 years old. Something about that was clearly wrong. We loved them when we needed them to be healthy and we butchered them mercilessly when we decided it was time for them to become dinner.
Years later I started noticing a similar pattern in politics. Watching the news when it came to foreign relations every time some place would get bombed or hit with a hurricane or earthquake the talking heads would count how many AMERICANS were dead. The news might be something like “800 people killed in Asia by Tsunami – but no Americans – so everything is OK.”
There was something clearly wrong with that as well. What is the difference between an American and not American ? Of course such a question nobody wants to answer. That’s why I raised a different but similar question on a certain forum – I asked why we care about victims of Haitian earth quake but not victims of the war in Iraq for example? To my own surprise some dumbfucking shithead actually started explaining why Haitian people were better people than Iraqi people.
But that is insane. Haitians aren’t better than Iraqis. Grown chickens aren’t better than infant chickens. And a dog isn’t better than say a hyena.
Yes you can domesticate a motherfucking hyena, but if you saw one somewhere in Africa you would probably shoot it without thinking. On the other hand if somebody shot a dog for fun in front of you somewhere in San Francisco you would be horrified !
Now the official story about morality will have you believe that we feel compassion for beings depending on how intellectually or emotionally evolved they are. For example the official story goes that Human is more intellectually and emotionally evolved than a Cactus therefore killing a human is wrong but cutting down a cactus is not.
Too fucking bad this logic falls apart completely as soon as you move away from Humans vs Cacti and try to apply it to real world problems like Haitians vs Iraqis. That’s when it’s time for good ole DOUBLETHINK.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doublethink
Because we must believe in the world around us in order to exist in it, even though we know it is a fraud.
So what is the truth ?
Noam Chomsky, to the general public, is mostly known for his analysis of media control and propaganda. He started however in Linguistics, and his contribution there is important also for the field of Artificial Intelligence. What Chomsky said is that Humans are born with a certain framework of language hard wired into us. When we learn to speak a language it fleshes this framework out.
This framework is not language specific. We can learn any language, or we can learn multiple languages – but we can only learn human languages! We can’t learn the language of dolphins for example. And dolphins can’t learn our language. That’s because dolphins are born with their own framework of language ( or let’s call it communication ) and we are born with ours.
Language is part of the way we think. I can think in two different languages personally but I can only think as a human. You can think of it like this: Language of humans always has she shape of the human brain – but it can have any color.
So what about morality? I think the situation with morality is exactly the same. There is an enormous evolutionary advantage to having the capacity to communicate – that’s why we have that capacity. Similarly we have the capacity for morality because it is advantageous from evolutionary standpoint. Next I explain why.
First of all – what is an evolutionary advantage? To understand what is an advantage in the game of evolution we must first understand what the goal is. The goal is to pass on your genetic code.
Now why would being a good Samaritan help you pass on your genetic code? Actually it wouldn’t. It would help pass on the genetic code of the person you helped. Here is when we have to ask though – how similar is his code to yours? In terms of raw numbers – 100% similar.
That’s right. If space aliens abducted both of you they would hardly see any difference. So you may have different shape face and color hair and eyes – but you both have a face, and you both have eyes, and they both serve the same function – which makes you both quite different from say … a cactus, doesn’t it ?
So what’s the numbers for the Cactus then? Actually in terms of DNA humans are about 60% similar to a banana. How can this be? Well for example the molecule of chlorophyll that makes plants green is identical to the molecule of hemoglobin that makes blood red, with only a single atom out of about 100 in the molecule being different.
On the other hand when we mate we only pass on 50% of our DNA, and the other 50% comes from the other parent. So you see from evolutionary perspective saving your neighbor’s life is quite a good deal considering he has about 100% of your DNA.
A good deal, but not good enough. Because if that was all there is to it we would all be bananas. In actuality what I described above is not evolution – it is merely survival. Survival is a necessary condition for evolution, but it is not sufficient. The other requirement is COMPETITION.
Why do we need competition? Why not just live in harmony with each other? Well because somewhere on another continent there may be another race, which DOES have competition which causes only the strongest to survive. One day this stronger race comes over to your continent and KILLS ALL OF YOU. That’s why. That’s actually also what happened to Soviet Union economically. A system without internal competition inevitably loses the competition externally.
So what would happen if we were all purely competitive with no consideration for each other? We would be extinct. We would all kill each other. Let’s say you wanted something to eat – you would simply eat your neighbor – or your wife, or children. Unbridled competition therefore is incompatible with survival.
What we need is BOTH. We need COMPETITION and COMPASSION. We need to take care of our neighbor but at the same time we need to put ourselves FIRST. This is the behavior pattern which maximizes long term evolutionary performance. AND THIS IS PRECISELY WHAT WE ARE GENETICALLY HARD WIRED TO DO.
But our genetic hard wiring is only like the US. constitution. It is abstract – it has to be this way or it wouldn’t be able to ADAPT to changing conditions. After all the US constitution has been around for about 200 years and there have already been many amendments. On the other hand our genetic code has been around for tens of thousands of years and it still works without any changes!
So we’re born with the constitution, but we still need LAW. As we grow up we write this moral law for ourselves ( with the help of those around us ) with the constraints that it must be morally constitutional. However what is constitutional is subject to interpretation ! ! !
Also with respect to morality we have a situation where we don’t actually have the original text. Instead all we have is the laws that have been written and we can try to reverse engineer the constitution from these laws.
There are many human languages, superficially very different, but fundamentally all the same – and by analyzing the similarities between them we can understand what the genetic framework is. Similarly there are many different moral codes. Criminals have their own moral code for example. Muslims have their own moral code etc. By analyzing the similarities between these codes we could get SOMEWEHRE in the quest for uncovering our moral constitution but ultimately our results would be tainted because SOCIETIES which have as much influence on morality as genetics do – are under THEIR OWN evolutionary pressure ! ! !
So we take a different approach. We will simply analyze logically what such a genetic constitution SHOULD HAVE BEEN based on the evolutionary pressure which gave birth to it, and see if real world moral codes fit with this framework.
GAME THEORY is a branch of Artificial Intelligence which deals with exactly these kinds of problems. Using game theory it should be possible to mathematically calculate ( using computer algorithms ) this answer, but unfortunately I don’t have the working knowledge required for this. Instead I analyzed it logically and here is the answer:
The genetic moral constitution basically says that we must determine genetic likeness of every living thing to ourselves and prioritize everybody according to this likeness. In addition to this we must prioritize those of young age over those of old age (because younger persons will have a greater chance of passing on their genetic material ). That’s it! Everything else is subject to interpretation by the individual and/or society.
Now there are two problems with this. First how do you encode the directive to ascertain genetic likeness? You cannot write down the instruction “take the DNA to the lab and print out the results” because such technology didn’t exist when our genetic code was written. Instead the same directive had to be expressed in ACTIONABLE terms.
One such actionable directive is comparing the LOOK, SMELL and BEHAVIOR of other beings to our own. Another is geotagging so to speak – remembering who is most often around you and assuming that they are your closest relatives. Certainly animals are programmed to remember who their mother is based on who is the first being they come into contact with.
The second problem is “likeness” cannot be efficiently QUANTIFIED except for the case of mother. We can never really know therefore is the glass half full or is it half empty? Are black people more similar to us because they have all the same features and behavior – or are they more different form us because they have a different color? These are NOT things that our moral constitution spells out – these are the things we must decide for ourselves. It is this flexibility that allows us to arbitrarily decide that Iraqis are more different from us than they are similar because we don’t hang around them as much. It is this flexibility that allows us to hate homosexuals because they walk and dress funny.
The bottom line here is that whether we feel compassion for another being or not is determined by a SUBJECTIVE perception of LIKENESS, and NOT this creature’s intellectual capacity for experiencing emotional pain or terror.
Our modern society attempts to label discrimination as immoral – yet discrimination is the FOUNDATION of morality ! Humans discriminate against absolutely everything ! We discriminate against race, sex, color, age, political orientation, profession, education, citizenship etc. etc. etc. This is not an accident.
When studying foreign languages I have realized that WORDS often hold the key to forbidden knowledge. The English word TO LIKE is such a word. According to dictionary.com to like means to prefer, to find attractive. At the same time when two things are ALIKE they are SIMILAR. This proves what we already know, but most of us are in denial about – that we judge others based on their similarity to us, NOT ON THEIR MERIT.